Marx and Weber’s Analyses of the Development of Capitalism Essay Example for Free

Marx and Weber’s Analyses of the Development of Capitalism Essay Free enterprise is characterized as ‘An financial and political framework in which a countrys exchange and industry are constrained by private proprietors for profit.’ It depends on the division between two classes, one of which possesses the work of the other. Not exclusively do the high societies, or the bourgeoisie, own the methods for physical creation yet additionally the methods for ‘mental production’. They control and control society through the standard of instruction, religion and the media. Althusser recognizes harsh state mechanical assemblies and ideological state contraptions and contends about how the bourgeoisie figures out how to keep up its standard. He contends that the oppressive remembers the police and the military for which utilize physical power to control the regular workers rather than the ideological devices, for example, the media and religion which control the advancement of thoughts. A key part of private enterprise is that the common laborers are compelled to sell their work in return for compensation so as to endure. Notwithstanding, they don't get an equivalent trade for the work they produce, however just the expense of resource. The distinction of what the bourgeoisie get from the workers and the sum they take care of is known as the overflow esteem, which means the benefit they make. Max Weber was one of the establishing fathers of humanism and contributed profoundly as far as anyone is concerned of how society functions. Weber’s work can be featured by alluding to his investigation The Protestant Ethic and the Spirit of Capitalism, first distributed in 1905 (22 years after the demise of Karl Marx in 1883). Weber contends that the Protestant Reformation presented another conviction arrangement of Calvinism (a type of Protestantism established by John Calvin during the transformation) which advanced a high hard working attitude and which in the end prompted the ascent in free enterprise. Calvinists accepted that God predetermines the ‘elect’ importance of who might be spared after death and go onto paradise and who might not. This couldn't be changed through difficult work or having a decent existence as the choice had just been chosen. This caused Calvinists to take a stab at progress, with which they would reinvest into getting more cash, hen ceforth the advancement of private enterprise. Weber recognizes the contrasts between the free enterprise of avarice and riches in past social orders to those of present. Advanced individuals are pressing together benefit for the good of its own as opposed to for utilization, thus why the Calvinists reinvested their riches. Weber calls this the soul of free enterprise. He further contends this was the explanation free enterprise was more grounded in places like Europe and America and not in different spots where Protestantism wasnt so settled. Weber additionally recognizes various existing types of free enterprise including ‘traditional capitalism’ and ‘booty capitalism’; anyway the essential perfect sort is the one named present day private enterprise, or normal private enterprise meaning the tedious, progressing financial movement based on levelheaded count. Understanding what requirements to occur and what the most ideal method of accomplishing it is, takes into account reinvestment and the development of monetary endeavors. He contends that it is the balanced side of present day free enterprise that recognizes it from other progressed monetary zones, for example, China and India, the two of which had higher and further developed foundations in the seventeenth century contrasted with Europe and America. In any case, Weber is tremendously censured for his comprehension of the ascent in private enterprise because of others accepting that it was the people groups relationship with the material powers and there methods for subsidence which drove the change. Weber takes a key spotlight on religion and the effect that had on the remainder of society just as free enterprise, while Marx centers around class strife. Marx contends that through industrialisation private enterprise had been compelled to increment because of developing division of the two differentiating classes. One class is the misusing bourgeoisie who own the methods for creation and the different class being the low class who own only their own work. Marx anticipated that the regular workers would in the long run become aware of their distance and abuse and join to oust private enterprise. This would gradually acquire an arrangement of communism which would progressively develop into an unadulterated awkward socialist society ailing in misuse. He contended that free enterprise would deteriorate because of inside pressures, much the same as each other social framework. He accepted that socialism was unavoidably the following stage in the line of authentic changes to class fra meworks. Similarly as feudalism was supplanted by private enterprise, so free enterprise would be supplanted by socialism. Marx contends that religion plays out an unexpected capacity in comparison to that of what Weber contends. Rather it works as a ‘ideological weapon’ utilized by the bourgeoisie to legitimize the enduring of the poor as something unchangeable and ‘god-given’. Religion convinces the common laborers that their enduring is good and moral and will be supported in existence in the wake of death. This is obvious in the Christianity instructing of it is ‘easier for a camel to go through the aperture of a needle than it is for a rich man to enter the realm of heaven’. This controls and mistreats the working class as it renders them heedless to free enterprise patterns; following and keeping up bogus class awareness. Be that as it may, Marx can be condemned for disregarding the positive capacities that religions perform, made clear by the mental change in accordance with disaster that it offers. Abercrombie and Turner (1978) contend that ‘in pre entrepreneur society, while Christianity was a significant component of administering class belief system, it had just restricted effect on the peasantry’ (A2 Sociology AQA Specification, 2009, pg 13) However, despite the fact that Marx argues that religion assists with controlling the control of thoughts of the regular workers he additionally accepts that it is ‘the heart of the cutthroat world and the spirit of cruel conditions’, as it can go about as an interruption to dull the torment of misuse. When analyzing two profoundly compelling history specialists, for example, Karl Marx and Max Weber, some would contend that it is exceptionally critical to take a gander at their general effect on society just as mankind. Karl Marx concentrated profoundly on reasoning and his work is as yet compelling in numerous societies overall today. This differentiations to Max Weber who is considered ‘one of the dads of present day thought’ and could be viewed as one of the world’s generally scholarly and powerful people. Albeit the two students of history share clear similitudes, for instance both originating from an European Protestant foundation they likewise differentiate and have unmistakable contrasts. Weber reprimands Marx’s hypothesis as he accepts that his view is excessively one dimensional and oversimplified when taking a gander at imbalance. Weber contends this is because of Marx considering class to be the main significant division. Weber contends that status and force likewise have high effect on the volume of imbalance. He focuses towards the ‘power elite’ for proof and contends that they can control without really claiming the methods for creation. As of now there are numerous free organizations that can control and rule specific workers without being a piece of the bourgeoisie, it isn't as straightforward as Marx prefers to lecture. A lot of individuals are in different circumstances than when Marx was composing, for instance ‘dealers in data, supervisors and common servants’, implying that the overall significance of the battle among proprietors and laborers has moderately declined. In spite of the fact that Marx and Weber have serious contrasts in their assessment of present day free enterprise their expands additionally share numerous similitudes. The two of them accept that the financial framework is where â€Å"individuals are coordinated by abstractions† (Marx). We should likewise consider the hours of which the two sociologists were composing. Weber is composing almost 50 years after the fact and spotlights exceptionally on the effect of influence, riches and renown. He contends that these were the three principle factors adding to private enterprise and the differentiation of classes. This differences to Marx who centers uniquely around the effect of class and how the complexity of bourgeoisie and working class affected on the ascent of private enterprise. Be that as it may, both of their rundowns of toppling private enterprise share numerous likenesses. The two sociologists contend that with the end goal for private enterprise to be toppled the average workers must join to oust the decision class and free themselves from industrialist abuse. Book reference Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels (1932). The German Ideology . Moscow: David Riazanov. Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels (1848). Pronouncement of the socialist party. London. Max Weber (1978). Economy and Society. California: University of California Press. Thomas Hobbes (1988). The Leviathan. London : Penguin . Phil Bartle. (2007). Marx versus Weber. Accessible: http://cec.vcn.bc.ca/cmp/modules/cla-mweb.htm. Last got to tenth October 2012. Louis Althusser. (1970). Belief system and Ideological State Apparatuses. Accessible: http://www.marxists.org/reference/document/althusser/1970/ideology.htm 970. Last got to tenth October 2012 Michael Lowy. (2006). Marx, Weber and the Critique of Capitalism . Accessible: http://internationalviewpoint.org/spip.php?article1106 . Last got to tenth October 2012. No Author. (1999). Max Weber. Accessible: http://uregina.ca/~gingrich/s30f99.htm. Last got to tenth October 2012. D. Sayer, Capitalism and Modernity: An Excurses on Marx and Weber, pg. 4, London: Routledge, 1991. Sleeve, E. C., W. W. Sharrock and D. W. Francis, Perspectives in Sociology, third version, London, Routledge, 1992.

Participant Observation Free Essays

Member Observation Sports are significant social mediums in our nation, however b-ball is the main game where you can go to practically any stop and play with complete outsiders. While different games include assorted hardware and various measures of players, b-ball is a fast and simple game that solitary takes a court and a ball. While utilizing the member perception strategy, one can without much of a stretch perceive how pickup b-ball turns into a typical stage for social connection. We will compose a custom paper test on Member Observation or then again any comparable subject just for you Request Now While my unique viewpoint of the game was that of a benevolent natured game among neighbors with a serious perspective, my notes and perceptions uncovered how differing people who meet on the court can once in a while become forceful to the point of antagonistic vibe. As a rec center individual from 24 Hour Fitness, I consistently play ball in their indoor exercise center. I picked the area in Hermosa Beach due to the assorted variety of players that go to there. Utilizing the member perception technique, I was both watching and taking an interest while taking notes (clearly not while playing, for that would be an extraordinary accomplishment). In a period range of two hours, I wound up playing three games while watching six different games. The area I visited was packed, while ten players were on the court (five against five), around twenty individuals were looking out for the sidelines for the duration of the night; in any case, this number changed as individuals became either drained or anxious. Uninvolved was a rundown of names for individuals who needed to play straightaway. This required a progressively sorted out arrangement of who had next contrasted with parks where individuals monitor who verbally called straightaway. I found that about portion of the players at the rec center were African-American, while the remainder of the players were blended equitably between Caucasian, Asian, and Hispanic. Certain players, in light of body shape and aptitude level, were given various jobs all through the game. The times of the players appeared to be for the most part late twenties to mid thirties, and at no time all through my two hours being there did a lady enter the rec center. Similarly as the socioeconomics of the players were various, so was the ongoing interaction. A few games were ruled by one key player, who scores a large portion of the focuses, while different groups had solid group science and depended on going to the open player. I additionally saw that when a group is commanded by one player that group as a rule winds up losing. The group that I played on was very pass arranged, while the group we played against was overwhelmed by just two players. The other group accepted that since their different players were short and little, that they weren’t sufficiently athletic to get the ball, and due to this our group had the option to twofold group the players who didn’t go so a lot. Players coordinate to different players dependent on expertise and body size, which is the reason I was monitored by somebody fundamentally the same as me. I saw that the greatest factor was stature, which means our tallest player watched their tallest player while our most limited player protected their briefest player. Be that as it may, during pretty much every game players make switches as indicated by aptitude level so as to have a progressively adequate resistance. Another significant part of the round of pickup b-ball is regard. At the point when players call foul, regardless of whether they can't help contradicting the call, the permit them to get the show on the road back. During game two, an individual called foul yet the player on the other group oppose this idea. As they contended about whether it was a foul or not, a partner shouted out â€Å"respect the call†. After that he quit contending and gave him the ball. After I played, during the 6th game, a comparable circumstance happened in a progressively sensational manner. One player hopped and got the ball, however flipped over another player, and landed straight on his back. After everybody saw he got up and was alright, the player through the ball â€Å"up top†, so they could look at the ball and play once more. A player on the contrary group started to contend saying that he shouldn’t get the show on the road since his own player fouled him. After much antagonistic and noisy contending, I heard the harmed player state, â€Å"if you truly are that hungry for the ball you can have it, in the event that you truly are that urgent for a win†. Everyone on the court concurred that the players charge was excessively exacting for a straightforward round of pickup ball, and outrageous intensity is disliked. All through the remainder of the game the group didn't pass it to him once, and before the game finished he quit. He turned into the focal point of conversation for the remainder of the night, as individuals started to reprimand him despite his good faith. From my very own understanding, warmed contentions over calls are not that extraordinary in the game of b-ball, however for the most part from those with solid cordial characters. Generally, the game is a cultivated game where the two groups go after the success, and spotlight on collaboration and procedure. By the day's end I discovered my viewpoint on this game had changed. The serious idea of the game raised the inquiry: How significant is it to win? I saw that to certain individuals the ules of ball ought to be implemented carefully, with the goal that the game is reasonable. In any case, the general agreement was that regarding different players security and calls were progressively significant. By and by, I saw that pretty much every game had a type of contention that involved. I reasoned that there is a sure culture on the court that re quires a reasonable game and places winning as a need. The sharp differentiation to different players who were just there for the fun and love of the game raises inquiries on whether social or even financial foundations are what makes individuals become so energetic about an apparently unimportant game. Instructions to refer to Participant Observation, Essays

Symptoms and Treatment of Body Dysmorphic Disorder

Symptoms and Treatment of Body Dysmorphic Disorder OCD Related Conditions Print Symptoms and Treatment of Body Dysmorphic Disorder By Jodi Clarke, MA, LPC/MHSP twitter linkedin Jodi Clarke, LPC/MHSP is a licensed professional counselor and mental health service provider with over 20 years of experience in the field. Learn about our editorial policy Jodi Clarke, MA, LPC/MHSP Medically reviewed by Medically reviewed by Steven Gans, MD on October 14, 2017 Steven Gans, MD is board-certified in psychiatry and is an active supervisor, teacher, and mentor at Massachusetts General Hospital. Learn about our Medical Review Board Steven Gans, MD Updated on June 24, 2019 istockphoto More in OCD Related Conditions Causes Symptoms and Diagnosis Treatment Types Living With OCD Body dysmorphic disorder (BDD) is a mental health diagnosis that refers to an unhealthy and excessive preoccupation with ones physical appearance. Where someone with distorted body image would tend to focus on overall physical shape or size, those with body dysmorphic disorder place extreme focus on a particular body part or feature of their body. Thoughts of their specific flaw surface frequently and can become overwhelming, often consuming their thoughts and presenting an obstacle to their general well-being and daily functioning. Although excessive focus and attention can be on a variety of body parts, traits or characteristics, some of the more common include: HairNose or other facial featuresChestGenitaliaMuscularity or size of a body partSymmetry (hair, facial features, body parts) Many of us have areas of our body that we would like to improve, but our thoughts about this arent necessarily persistent and intrusive, which is a key piece to the distinction between general body image concerns and the clinical diagnosis of BDD. Another important factor is that, with BDD, youre often preoccupied with a flaw or trait that is barely noticeable, even nonexistent. Features that others might see as a slight imperfection or inconvenience (or not see at all) become consuming and unbearable, to the point of threatening your  quality of life. Who Tends to Experience Body Dysmorphic Disorder? BDD  is suggested to impact about one in 50 people within the general population, which would equate to roughly 5 to 7.5 million people in the United States alone. BDD seems to affect men and women equally, with an estimated 2.5 percent of women and 2.2 percent of men identified as having this disorder. Although BDD can show up for people at any age, many start to show signs and behaviors of the disorder around the age of 12 or 13 years old. No single cause of BDD has been identified. This disorder is considered to be influenced by a variety of factors, such as social and interpersonal interactions, genetic predisposition, or a triggering event. Signs If you are dealing with BDD, you may  often be consumed with intrusive and persistent thoughts related to a feature on your body, such as a mark, trait, or a perceived physical defect. The thoughts can show up at any time without warning and, no matter how hard you try, you likely have difficulty in stopping or changing your thoughts about the physical concern. Because of the persistence of these thoughts, its possible you feel a significant disruption in your quality of life. The amount of distress experienced can be so intense that it becomes difficult to engage in social interactions, fulfill responsibilities such as school or work and, in extreme cases, even find it difficult to leave home. People with BDD will often engage in repetitive behaviors in an attempt to address these physical concerns. Even though you can spend anywhere from three to eight hours or more per day on these behaviors, any relief is often short-lived. If you think a loved one may be dealing with BDD, some of the behaviors they may be demonstrating include: Skin pickingExcessive use of makeupClothing to hide certain body parts or featuresRepeatedly checking appearance in mirrorsExcessive groomingChanging body positions frequentlyWearing accessories such as hats, scarves, and glovesSeeking cosmetic surgery or other proceduresOveremphasizing other body parts or physical traitsSeeking excessive reassurance from others about that trait or body part Other Mental Health Disorders That May Occur Overlap has been shown to exist between BDD and other mental health disorders, particularly anxiety disorders such as generalized anxiety, OCD,  and social phobia. In fact, BDD  is currently categorized among the Obsessive Compulsive Disorders. Research has shown that over 60 percent of patients with BDD have a lifetime anxiety disorder and 38 percent had identified social phobia. The preoccupation with a perceived physical flaw can leave people feeling isolated and apprehensive of any social interaction, leading to feelings of hopelessness and depression. Although unhealthy body image is often associated with eating disorders, it is important to point out that body dysmorphia is not necessarily related to weight or weight loss. For many with BDD, the focus is on a body part such as the nose, hair, or scarsâ€"things that eating disordered behaviors would not change or influence. When the obsessive focus for someone is related specifically to the size of a body part, such as the thighs or midsection, eating disordered behavior may take place in an effort to address that perceived flaw. It is estimated that about 12 percent of those with BDD also meet the criteria for eating disorders such as anorexia and bulimia. Clinical Symptoms To avoid appearing vain or not being taken seriously by their healthcare provider, people with BDD may suffer for a period of time before coming forward and seeking help. Even then, they often disclose their concerns to a healthcare professional such as a dermatologist, reconstructive surgeon, or dentist, rather than a psychiatrist or other mental health practitioner. People with BDD often fear judgment from others  even though their level of distress is so high that it severely impacts their quality of life and relationships. In order to be clinically diagnosed with BDD, the following criteria must be met: Preoccupation with appearance. Not only must the person be preoccupied with appearance, but it is also important to note that the focus of their attention is on a slight imperfection, something barely observable or noticed by others or nonexistent. In order to be considered preoccupied with the perceived flaw, the person would be engaging in the obsessive thoughts about their flaws for hours a day.The person must engage in repetitive behavior in an effort to fix the perceived flaw. The repetitive behaviors are demonstrated in an attempt to conceal, fix, or respond to the focus of the obsessive thought. For example, someone may repeatedly look in the mirror, pick at their skin, change their clothes, reapply makeup, excessively ask others for reassurance, etc.The obsessive thoughts and repetitive behaviors must be clinically significant. In other words, the distress that the person experiences must be to the point that their quality of life is significantly impaired. The persons social life, occupation (school or work) and other important areas of their life must be impacted drastically as a result of these thoughts and behaviors. Body dysmorphic disorder can be easily misdiagnosed as another mental health disorder, so it is important for a properly trained clinician to do a thorough diagnostic assessment to avoid misdiagnosing BDD as one of the following: Social anxiety disorderMajor depressive disorderObsessive compulsive disorderExcoriation disorder (skin picking)Trichotillomania disorder (hair pulling)AgoraphobiaEating DisorderGeneralized anxiety disorder Treatment If you or a loved one are dealing  with BDD, you may feel reluctant to start therapy or counseling. Its very commonâ€"even in those without BDDâ€"to believe that psychological treatment is not an adequate solution to your concerns. In fact, it is likely that you will have already sought out help in other ways, such as with makeup, hair and clothing consultants, plastic surgeons, aestheticians, dermatologists, and dentists (depending on the body feature in question). Those with BDD want their physical problem addressed. They want the perceived flaw to be fixed, transformed, or removed. It may feel daunting, but psychological treatment can be very beneficial, addressing any thoughts and feelings around these physical concerns. One approach that has shown to be effective in the treatment of BDD is cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT). CBT is a first line treatment for BDD. It involves changing the maladaptive thoughts and beliefs present in the disorder. It can also involve exposure techniques that aim to decrease the repetitive behaviors and thoughts around the bodily preoccupations. Additionally, the use of medications, specifically selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), have been shown to be effective in decreasing some of the symptoms of BDD. These medications are often used most effectively in combination with Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (Porter, 2017). It is important that those with Body Dysmorphic Disorder allow themselves adequate time for psychotherapy to be effective. Get Treatment With the 9 Best Online Therapy Programs Goals of Treatment Physical safety is key in the treatment of BDD. By the time an individual has started counseling or therapy, it is likely that they have already shown some physically unhealthy coping behaviors such as excessive skin picking or hair pulling, for example. These behaviors can leave you and your loved ones feeling no hope that the situation can change. It is important that this behavior is seen as not only harmful to ones well-being but also ineffective in accomplishing the goal of fixing a perceived flaw. A Word From Verywell Social comparison is a big challenge for many of us, and  even more so if youre dealing with BDD. Because of insecurities around physical characteristics and a tendency to judge ourselves so harshly, being around others can be challenging and intimidating. For example, you may be critical about the shape of your nose and find yourself comparing your nose to those of others in the room, criticizing and judging yourself even more. CBT can help interrupt and challenge those unhelpful thought patterns. If you or a loved one are dealing with Body dysmorphic disorder, acceptance of self will be paramount to any  treatment. After spending so much time focused on personal flaws, the idea of self-acceptance can feel foreign and sometimes even impossible but, with the help of treatment, it can be possible to challenge debilitating thoughts and unhealthy behaviors, improve your  self-talk, and come to a place of greater acceptance and self-compassion.

America s Juvenile Justice System Essay - 1678 Words

America’s juvenile justice system has been around for ages and has had problems since its creation. The courts have failed to devise a way to help juveniles and keep them from even entering the justice system. More often than not, juveniles are forgotten and never dealt with until they reach the point where they are either going to be placed within the system or receive some sort of diversion or alternative. This is where the problem exists. There needs to be more communication between the different levels of the juvenile justice system. Particularly between the officers that may arrest these juveniles, the probation officers that deal with them, and of course the judge in the court system. The juvenile court is supposed to have provided due process protections along with care, treatment, and rehabilitation for juveniles while protecting society. Yet, there is still considerable doubt as to whether the juvenile justice network can meet these goals (Cox, Allen Hanser, 2013). T o emphasize the fact that the above mentioned three entities need to communicate well and work well with one another, let us look at a case involving a ten year old male that was arrested for shoplifting. Ten year old Charlie was arrested by a juvenile police officer, and charged with several counts of shoplifting at a local convenient store. The total amount of everything stolen equaled over $100. Charlie had never been to court before and this would be his first time appearing in juvenile court.Show MoreRelatedThe Child Movement And America s Juvenile Justice System854 Words   |  4 PagesBoth Platt and Ward do an excellent examination of critically going through what was happening in the â€Å"Child Savings Movement† and America’s juvenile justice system. Platt and Ward gave me perspectives of beliefs, biases, practices, and institutions that existed during the inception of the juvenile justice system. 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The only noticeable shifts were found in the application of these terms inside the criminal

Social Studies James Monroe - 1396 Words

Lindsay Jones March 7, 2016 Social Studies James Monroe On April 28, 1758, James Monroe was born in a town of Westmoreland County, Virginia. His parents Spence Monroe a farmer and carpenter and his mother Elizabeth Jones Monroe had seven children. Monroe was the oldest of all his siblings and was home schooled. His mother was his teacher until 1769, at the age of eleven, Monroe attended his first school, Campbeltown Academy. James had thought that he would inherit his father s farm, but in the year of 1774 Spence Monroe died. That same year, at the age of 16, Monroe applied to the College of William and Mary in Williamsburg, Virginia. Monroe dropped out of school in the year of 1776 to enlist in the Continental Army. When fighting in the Battle of Trenton, James was injured, and for the rest of his life, he had shrapnel stuck in his shoulder. Even with his injury, Monroe continued to fight with the army pushing through the rough winters at Valley Forge from the years 1777 to 1778. As governor of Virginia, Thomas Jefferson took young Monr oe under his guidance when teaching him about the law during the year of 1780. Jefferson encouraged his close friend Monroe to become involved with politics. Monroe passed the Virginia bar in 1782 and was elected to Virginia s House of Congress. A year after being elected to the house, Monroe served in the Continental Congress from 1783 to 1786. During this time, young eighteen-year-old Elizabeth Kortright, daughter of well-known NewShow MoreRelatedRoosevelt Corollary Of The Doctrine1245 Words   |  5 PagesRoosevelt Corollary to Monroe Doctrine Theodore Roosevelt, often referred to as â€Å"Teedie† (Watts 1) was an American statesman, explorer, naturalist, author, soldier, and a reformer who served as the twenty-sixth President of the United states from 1901 to 1909. Roosevelt was born October twenty-seventh, 1858 in Manhattan, New York City and died January sixth 1919 Cove Neck, NY. 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A Report on E-Marketing Computers Free Essays

This essay reports on the current activity in e-marketing computers. It discusses the English language markets. in particularly in the US and UK. We will write a custom essay sample on A Report on E-Marketing Computers or any similar topic only for you Order Now The three companies considered here are Apple, Hewlett Packard (HP) and Dell, all regarded as notable exponents of e-marketing. The conclusion drawn is that e-marketing alone is not as yet a viable strategy for this industry in general but it has been a successful approach when marketing solely to corporate customers. Industry Background The computer industry within the English-speaking world is made up of only a few suppliers of any size. During 2005 the worldwide shipments of PCs grew in volume by over 16% according to IDC, and by 9% in terms of value. The Austin, Texas firm Dell supplies more PCs worldwide than any other company – 18.1% of the market against HP, the number two, at 14.9%. The next largest suppliers are Lenovo (ex IBM) at 7.7%, Gateway, Acer and Fujitsu/Siemens, each having less than 5%. All of these companies’ computers use Microsoft’s Windows operating system. The core functionality they deliver to the user is therefore essentially identical. Apple Computer, which had around 3.5% of the world PC market in 2005, ships cmputers that run its own operating system – MacOS. Whereas Apple sells most of its notebooks to individual users, Dell sells most of its product to corporate clients, as does HP but to a lesser extent. The Windows/PC world is one where prices continually decline while performance and hardware functionality improve. Hardware is manufactured almost exclusively in the Far East while software in the English Language markets originates almost entirely from the USA. Increasingly the actual computing function is being treated as a commodity with only increased memory and faster performance as differentiators. This can be expected to change to a degree when (Vista) the next generation of Microsoft’s OS becomes deployed. At this time the major product differentiators tends to be graphics performance, screen size/quality and connectivity options. The combined result under Vista should be a new emphasis on the entertainment functionality of the computer and its potentially growing value as a intra-household communications controller. Defining e-marketing Before discussing e-marketing in this industry, we need to select a definition of ‘marketing’. One which will suffice is:- â€Å"Marketing is the process of planning and executing the conception, pricing, promotion, and distribution of ideas, goods, services, organizations, and events to create and maintain relationships that will satisfy individual and organizational objectives.† (Boone and Kurtz) A Google search for a definition of e-marketing produces the following results – â€Å"Moving elements of marketing strategies and activities to a computerized, networked environment such as the Internet. It is the strategic process of creating, distributing, promoting, and pricing goods and services to a target market over the Internet or through digital tools.†¨ (aede.osu.edu/programs/e-agbiz/pageglossary/main.html) Any marketing effort that contains a website URL. This could range from direct mail programs, magazine ads, radio to business cards. E-marketing can be simply defined as â€Å"Achieving marketing objectives through use of electronic communications technology.†Ã‚   (en.wikipedia.org/wiki/E-marketing) Of these definitions I prefer the last on the basis that e-marketing is still at such an early stage in its development that an all-embracing, detailed definition suggests the user is promoting e-marketing as a solution rather than describing it. Part of the objectives of this essay is to examine how many of the functions listed in the definition of ‘marketing’ are equally viable for ‘e-marketing’. The Origins of E-marketing The origins of e-marketing can be traced back to the 1990’s to the era of ‘dot.com’ companies who sought to place all of their promotional activities on the Internet. In those days a distinction was drawn between traditional ‘bricks and mortar’ retailers and on-line ‘etailers’- the dot.coms. Today, while there are still companies whose existence depends heavily upon the resources of the internet, few major companies follow the dot.com route. There has been a negative impact on such users as a result of the scores of dot.com failures. Unless a company using the dot.com approach succeeds in creating the impression that it is stable and financially sound, there are barriers to overcome to create trust between suppliers and the company, and between the would-be customers and the company. (The outstanding dot.com success story is that of Amazon.com). This leads to a sense that it takes a viable, established ‘bricks and mortar’ company which is already well-known to have an e-marketing system that will be considered credible.   However it seems that all major and public companies now have some form of internet presence, a web page, even if its marketing functionality is limited to an email address for enquiries to ‘info’, ‘sales’ or ‘support’. Why use the Term ‘E-’? E-marketing falls into a range of new variants of communication activities – e-commerce, e-mail, e-learning, e-research, e-publishing. Essentially each of these terms describes a familiar function that can now be carried out using the communications medium of the internet. Just as a change of language can change the way the speaker expresses his thoughts and how the reader understands the message, so the use of a different communication technology can add to or subtract from the value proposition being presented. By the same token, it has been necessary for practitioners to learn how to use this communications medium to communicate their message, and to learn to understand how their messaging is perceived through this medium.. How to cite A Report on E-Marketing Computers, Essays

Tropical Rainforests Of The World Essays (5424 words) -

Tropical Rainforests Of The World In this term paper, I will explain the great importance of the tropical Rainforests around the world and discuss the effects of the tragedy of rainforest destruction and the effect that it is having on the earth. I will talk about the efforts being made to help curb the rate of rainforest destruction and the peoples of the rainforest, and I will explore a new topic in the fight to save the rainforest, habitat fragmentation. Another topic being discussed is the many different types of rainforest species and their uniqueness from the rest of the world. First, I will discuss the many species of rare and exotic animals, Native to the Rainforest. Tropical Rainforests are home to many of the strangest looking and most beautiful, largest and smallest, most dangerous and least frightening, loudest and quietest animals on earth. There are many types of animals that make their homes in the rainforest some of them include: jaguars, toucans, parrots, gorillas, and tarantulas. There are so many fascinating animals in tropical rainforest that millions have not even identified yet. In fact, about half of the world's species have not even been identified yet. But sadly, an average of 35 species of rainforest animals are becoming extinct every day. So many species of animals live in the rainforest than any other parts of the world because rainforests are believed to be the oldest ecosystem on earth. Some forests in southeast Asia have been around for at least 100 million years, ever since the dinosaurs have roamed the earth. During the ice ages, the last of which occurred about 10,000 years ago, the frozen areas of the North and South Poles spread over much of the earth, causing huge numbers of extinctions. But the giant freeze did not reach many tropical rainforests. Therefore, these plants and animals could continue to evolve, developing into the most diverse and complex ecosystems on earth. The nearly perfect conditions for life also help contribute to the great number of species. With temperatures constant at about 75-80 degrees Fahrenheit the whole year, the animals don't have to worry about freezing during the cold winters or finding hot shade in the summers. They rarely have to search for water, as rain falls almost every day in tropical rainforests. Some rainforest species have populations that number in the millions. Other species consist of only a few dozen individuals. Living in limited areas, most of these species are found nowhere else on earth. For example, the maues marmoset, a species of monkey, wasn't discovered until recently. It's entire tiny population lives within a few square miles in the Amazon rainforest. This species of monkey is so small that it could fit into a persons hand! In a rainforest, it is difficult to see many things other than the millions of insects creeping and crawling around in every layer of the forest. Scientists estimate that there are more than 50 million different species of invertebrates living in rainforests. A biologist researching the rainforest found 50 different of ants on a single tree in Peru! A few hours of poking around in a rainforest would produce several insects unknown to science. The constant search for food , water, sunlight and space is a 24-hour pushing and shoving match. With this fierce competition, it is amazing that that so many species of animals can all live together. But this is actually the cause of the huge number of the different species. The main secret lies in the ability of many animals to adapt to eating a specific plant or animal, which few other species are able to eat. An example of such adaptations would be the big beaks of the toucans and parrots. Their beaks give them a great advantage over other birds with smaller beaks. The fruits and nuts from many trees have evolved with a tough shell to protect them from predators. In turn toucans and parrots developed large, strong beaks, which serves as a nutcracker and provides them with many tasty meals. Many animal species have developed relationships with each other that benefit both species. Birds and mammal species love to eat the tasty fruits provided by trees. Even fish living in the Amazon River rely on the fruits dropped from forest trees. In turn, the fruit trees depend upon these animals to eat their fruit, which helps them to spread their seeds to far - off parts of the forest. In some cases both species are so dependent upon each other that if one