Mental Illness And Theodicy Arguments - 1063 Words

Mental Illness and Theodicy Arguments Millions of Americans are affected with mental illness each year. Mental illness is very serious disorder and can get worse if left untreated. It can make it difficult for people to cope with everyday life and it can interfere with sleep and eating habits. Mental illness can affect anyone whether it ranges from mood disorders or even anxiety. The cause of mental illness is unknown but chemical imbalances in the body can trigger stress and even trauma, it can be passed from generation to generation and alcohol and drug abuse can also play a role in this illness. People begin to wonder if that God was all loving why would he make people live a miserable life, why wouldn’t he let people happy and if God was all powerful why wouldn’t he stop the mental illnesses from affecting people. I will explain the questions people began to raise with three of the theodicy arguments; Evil as a Privation of Good, The Free Will Defense, and Evil as T herapy. There are many types of mental illnesses but the most common are mood disorders, anxiety, psychosis and eating disorders. Types of mood disorders include: major depression, dysthymic disorders and bipolar disorders. Major depression is the feeling of being depressed for the majority of the day at least over a two week time period. Symptoms include changes in appetite, loss of interest and motivation, hopelessness and have thoughts of suicide. Dysthymia generally last longer than major depression, upShow MoreRelatedEvil And Suffering By John Hick1606 Words   |  7 Pagesand suffering. According to Hick, skeptics assume man is to be viewed as a completed creation and that God s purpose in making the world was to provide a suitable dwelling place for this fully formed creature (Hick, 24). In relation to Hick s argument, this skeptic view is absurd and ultimately false according to Christian Humanists. Christianity, however, has never supported that God s purpose in the creating of the world was to construct a paradise whose inhabitants would experience a maximumRead MoreGender Differences in Religious Belief1817 Words   |  8 PagesAccording to Stark this risk taking inclination in a man to not â€Å"think ahead† means that men are less religious because they are willing to take a gamble on there not being an afterlife. However sociologists like Freese and Montgomery debate this argument works on an assumption that everyone makes the same risk assessment when in fact men are just more prepared to take that risk.Roth produced a study which showed there to be a smaller gap between genders in the percentage who believe in an afterlife

Invite Friends Free Essays

Leadership Assignment 5 Sarah Kamal 09-4714 ————————————————- 26th November 2012 Question 1: Was the research program a group or a team? If a team, what kind of a team was it? At first, before the assignment of a formal leader, it was a self-directed team on a whole of groups of people. It was a team because it was not inhibited by organizational boundaries. It was specifically formulated for a purpose and vision that was to develop a technique for large-scale interferon production to use as a treatment against cancer. We will write a custom essay sample on Invite Friends or any similar topic only for you Order Now The performance goals were also set by themselves instead of one strong centralized leadership. This team consisted of 3 groups who had 3 informal leaders namely –gene slicing, recombination and fermentation. At first the senior management believed that this biotech research program could be self-managed so the initial team of groups was a self-directed team as it worked on itself within its group boundaries autonomously and was member centered to the informal leaders. Later on after the formal leader was assigned to this team, it emerged as a stronger cross-functional team coordinating across its group boundaries for a shared purpose and problem solving. The formal leader directed work to the group leaders and assigned some authority to them as well. Question 2: Did the interdependence among the subgroups change with the interferon project? What were the group norms before and after the retreat? Interdependence is the extent to which the team members depend on each other for information, resources or ideas to accomplish their tasks. The research project should have been ideally a reciprocal interdependent one but initially the lack of communication and cohesiveness among the subgroups made it a pooled-interdependent team as the groups were fairly independent and did not share or coordinate work with each other participating as a team. After the formal leader came, he changed this interdependence style to the required reciprocal interdependent team. The interdependence increased a lot, and the team members influenced each other in reciprocal fashion for he completion of work and problem solving. Yes, the group norms changed and one single approach was taken to lead the project with consensus. Each subgroup was assigned a set of instructions by the leader, strict deadlines were given as the work was highly interdependent now and weekly progress reports were submitted. The communication gap was removed, problem solving was improved and group coordination was increased. Question 3: What factors account for the chang e in cohesiveness after the chief biologist took over? Cohesiveness is the extent to which the members are united in pursuit of a common goal. The chief biologist increased the determining factors for increasing cohesiveness. He took the team to a two day retreat and made them interact with each other. He organized the work and gave the team a more direct shared mission. Even after the retreat the communication was increased as lunches and coffee gathering took place. Group members and team leaders started having daily discussions and cooperated on research requirements. Enthusiasm and group cohesion was increased. How to cite Invite Friends, Essay examples

California High Speed Rail free essay sample

Most importantly this track covers 7 important airports up North and down South. It is expected that the train will run at a maximum of 220 mph and will be able to come to Los Angeles from San Francisco in 2 hours and 40 minutes. That is something what California need, rather than cursing in traffic on I-5 which moves at 40mph on rush hour. California already have railway by likes of AmTrak and MetroLink. But these are not really linked or works throughout the state efficiently. It will take at least half a day to Sacramento via a train.The new proposed High speed railway is supposed to eliminate all these problems at a low cost green theme, and hoping to increase links between the cities. The system would be fully electric and will be powered by solar and wind power built along with the Railway system. . The rails would be 800 miles long when finished, while they will be built in separate portions from 2012 to 2030. The main phase contains the link between San Francisco to Los Angeles expected to be built by 2020. The rest of the 300 miles would be completed by 2030 for the complete proposed system.This 21st century state of the art new system got its initial funding of $9. 95 billion initial funding from Prop. 1A. It’s estimated that total cost would be around US $45 billion although many suspect that it would get closer to $50 billion or more when finished. The initial environmental reports were done in late 2005 and the implementation plan suggested it would take around 8 to 11 years for the implementation of this plan for the initial segment. With more funds coming it’s way, and the last funding made was for $300 million on May 9th, 2011, The 1st test run segment is expected to begin constructions by September, 2012.This would be from Madera to Wye Junction in Bakersfield. It’s expected to be completed by 2015 with all the test runs and researches. This project is the most beneficial project in the short run and in the long run for California at the moment. It creates lots of advantages, direct and indirect. The first and foremost benefit is that the construction is expected to create around 150,000 construction jobs and around 450,000 jobs through the commuter system. All of these will be fulfilled by California residents. The money will be kept inside the state. This would hugely help the unemployment in the state.Considering These 150,000 people will pay tax and some having families, this will be a huge boost on state economy. After the system is created, there would be job opportunities for maintenance, constructions, commuter system, and many indirect jobs created around the system such as shops and taxi services. Public would be able to travel faster and cheaper through this system. Rather than paying the airlines around $200 for a one way trip from San Francisco to Los Angeles, they would be able to get away with about 1/6th of the price, at 2 times the time.With less security measures for trains rather than for an airplane, the waiting lines wouldn’t be long, and the system is expected to have trains as often as 5 minutes in between in rush hour. The job opportunities would be widely available and open as travelling becomes easier. With reduced price of tickets people would travel more in the state. With most people opting out for cheaper and faster high speed rail, state expects less traffic on freeways and on air. Huge time savings are expected from this High speed rail. California High Speed Rail Authority (CHSRA) expects around 8 millions commuters per year by 2030. This will generate a great revenue for the state. With the tax money from the newly created jobs, saved maintenance costs on other public transports, are additional revenue. With 1/3rd of energy required to run a normal train, and all those energy mainly coming from wind mills and solar power we are looking at huge savings in the state. Environmental pollution will be significantly less. Trains will run on electricity majorly from solar panels and wind mills. The train requires 1/5th of the fuel that of an airplane requires. Many people adapting to high speed rail means less people on airplanes and on road. A train is supposed to carry around 1000 passengers. This means fewer cars on the road. The amount of emissions will be less and our carbon footprint is expected to go down. According to CHSRA calculations, California high speed rail will cut down 12. 7 million barrels of oil imports, and 12 billion lbs less green house emissions per year. There are doubts about the figure of commuters per year. 8 million is not realistic as per some reviews. CHSRA is already optimistic on the number. Granted that this is estimated by 2030, they still argue there would be a significant less figure for the real value.If it’s the case, the benefits would get lower too. The reviews also think that there would be more trouble getting into the trains as for the facilities to get around the 24 high-speed railway stations are not at the top notch. Some predict it will take the same time as getting into a local flight. The railway system would take more time during the actual travel time as it is not on high speed rail for the whole time. Part of the system would contain some existing rail tracks. This will definitely slow down the rail to the current speeds we have. And at 220 mph full potential there have been no test about the safety.The risk of vulnerability is high and even though risk assessments to passengers and property have been done extensively, they are always not ample enough to measure until a real life situation. CHSRA report expects to reduce congestion by high speed rail . There estimate is by 2030 there would be 70 million less drivers on road. With the project already suggested around 3000 freeway miles, new airport runaways to accommodate the high speed rail, and considering that one should arrive at the limited number of rail stations, this figure is not realistic. With more vehicles on the road than expected, it won’t be as green as it is expected. The wind and solar power would not be a solid supply throughout the year and it is still doubtful whether it will be sufficient enough to provide the needed power. The backup power source is Coal power plants. That is as dark as it can get. Many question the likelihood of public using the train system. There are many individuals who would prefer their own transport rather than public transport. Even though it would be cheaper and faster to reach destinations, the convenience of one’s own transport is a great consideration. This would impact the expected 8 million commuters per year figure badly. The estimated $45 billion cost is one of the major factors. It won’t reap any revenues until the 1st phase is finished which is due 2020. State is looking at spending around $35 billion for 9 years without any direct revenue. This is going to hurt the budget. And to cover this figure we are looking at a $50 train ticket. High-speed rail system should have arrived California at least a decade ago. Oil price is going up, having trouble with environment and pollution, lots of time waste on freeways, and without a convenient middle solution to travel anywhere in the state, it makes a perfect daily solution for everyone out there. This rail does not essentially mean its only passenger based. Railway is the most economical way of transporting goods. Combined with its speed this serves well for mail services and small package services. There was never an easy way to get to San Francisco in 3 hours from Los Angeles. Even if you take a flight, with the checking in and boarding times, it came close to the same time. Given that railway is ground transport, there can be more development around this rail tracks or its stations. Starting from constructions, it can be developed into trade zones or industrial zones. It would be ideal along the central valley for the industrial zones. Less residential zones, perfect environment conditions, fast transport, and cheap real estate make it perfect for the new investments. Over the time people would look more into the public transportation. It will take it’s time to adopt into California, as it’s a new experience for the public. The job opportunities created would be a great asset and a help to California. The money spent will stay in California as the workers are from California itself. It comes back as tax, goods, and services.

The Needs Theory Motivating Employees with Maslows Hierarchy of Needs free essay sample

Physiological needs are those needs required for human survival such as air, food, water, shelter, clothing and sleep. As a manager, you can account for physiological needs of your employees by providing comfortable working conditions, reasonable work hours and the necessary breaks e.g. to eat and/or drink.Safety needs include those needs that provide a person with a sense of security and well-being. Personal security, financial security, good health and protection from accidents, harm and their adverse effects are all included in safety needs. As a manager, you can account for the safety needs of your employees by providing safe working conditions, secure compensation such as a salary and job security.Social needs, also called love and belonging, refer to the need to feel a sense of belonging and acceptance. Social needs are important to humans so that they do not feel alone, isolated and depressed. Friends, family and intimacy all work to fulfill social needs. We will write a custom essay sample on The Needs Theory: Motivating Employees with Maslows Hierarchy of Needs or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page As a manager, you can account for the social needs of your employees by making sure each of your employees know one another, encouraging cooperative teamwork, being an accessible and kind supervisor and promoting a good work-life balance.Esteem needs refer to the need for self-esteem and respect, with self-respect being slightly more important than gaining respect and admiration from others. As a manager, you can account for the esteem needs of your employees by offering praise and recognition when the employee does well, and offering promotions and additional responsibility to reflect your belief that they are a valued employee.Self-actualization needs refer to a persons need to reach his or her full potential. The need to become what one is capable of is something that is highly personal. While I might have the need to be a good parent, you might have the need to hold an executive-level position within your organization. Because this need is individualized, as a manager, you can a ccount for this need by providing challenging work, inviting employees to participate in decision-making and giving them flexibility and autonomy in their jobs.

The Phases of the Moon Explained

The Phases of the Moon Explained One of the most often-asked questions that astronomers get is: what are moon phases? Most people know that the Moon appears to change shape over time. Does it look round and full? Or more like a banana or a lopsided ball? Is it up in the daytime or the nighttime? Throughout each month, the Moon appears to change shape while it appears in the sky at different times, including in broad daylight!. Anyone can observe these changes as they happen. The Moons ever-changing shapes are called lunar phases. Gradual Change Anyone can Measure from the Back Yard A lunar phase is simply the shape of the sunlit part of the Moon as seen from Earth.  Phases are so strikingly obvious that we almost take them for granted. However, they can be observed throughout the month from the backyard or via a simple glance out the window. The Moons shape changes for the following reasons: the Moon orbits Earth;both Earth and the Moon orbit the Sun;the Moons orbit is the same length as the time it spins on its axis (about 28 Earth days), which means that we see the same part of the lunar surface all month;the Sun illuminates both Earth and the Moon. Get to Know the Lunar Phases There are eight phases of the Moon that to track each month. New Moon:  During New Moon, the side of the Moon facing us is not illuminated by the Sun. At this time, the Moon is not up at night, but it is up during the day. We just cant see it.  Solar eclipses can occur during the new moon, depending on how the Sun, Earth, and Moon line up in their orbits. Waxing Crescent: As the Moon waxes (grows) into its crescent phase, it begins to show up low in the sky right after sunset. Look for a silvery-looking crescent. The side facing the sunset direction will be lit up. First Quarter:  Seven days after New Moon, the Moon is in first quarter. Only half of it is visible for the first half of the evening, and then it sets.   Waxing Gibbous:  After First Quarter, the Moon appears to grow into a gibbous shape. Most of it is visible, except for a shrinking sliver over the next seven nights.  Look for the Moon at this time during the afternoon, too.   Full Moon:  During the full moon, the Sun lights up the entire surface of the Moon that faces Earth. It rises just as the Sun sets and disappears beneath the western horizon when the Sun rises the next morning. This is the brightest phase of the Moon and it washes out the nearby part of the sky, making it difficult to see stars and faint objects such as nebulae.   Supermoon:  Ever hear of a Super Moon? Thats a full Moon that happens when the Moon is closest in its orbit to Earth. The press likes to make a big deal about this, but its really a very natural thing. A Super Moon happens as the Moons orbit brings it closer to Earth on occasion. Not every month has a Super Moon. Despite the hype about Supermoons in the media, its difficult for the average observer to notice that the Moon might appear only slightly larger in the sky than normal. In fact, famous astronomer Neil deGrasse Tyson pointed out that the difference between a regular full moon and a Supermoon would be about like the difference between a 16-inch pizza and a 16.1-inch pizza.   Lunar eclipses occur only at full moons because the Moon is passing directly between Earth and the Sun in its orbit. Due to other perturbations in its orbit, not every full moon results in an eclipse.   The full moon can appear slightly larger sometimes, creating whats called a Super Moon. Most people really cant tell the difference between them.  Still, its a great chance to observe the Moon!   The other full Moon variation that often grabs media attention is  a Blue Moon. Thats the name given to the second full Moon that occurs in the same month. These dont happen all the time, and the Moon certainly doesnt appear blue. Full moons also have colloquial names based on folklore. Its worth reading about some of these names; they tell fascinating stories about early cultures. Waning Gibbous: After the glorious appearance of Full Moon, the lunar shape starts to wane, meaning it gets smaller. Its visible later at night and into the early morning, and we see a steadily shrinking shape of the lunar surface thats being lit up. The side that is lit up is facing toward the Sun, in this case, the sunrise direction. During this phase, look for the Moon during the day - it should be in the sky in the morning.   Last Quarter: At Last Quarter we see exactly half the sunlit surface of the Moon and it can be in the early morning and daytime sky.   Waning Crescent:  The last phase of the moon before returning to New Moon is called Waning Crescent, and it is exactly what it says: a steadily-shrinking crescent phase. We can see only a small sliver from Earth.  Its visible in the early morning and by the end of the 28-day lunar cycle, it has vanished almost entirely. That brings us back to  New Moon to start the new cycle. Making Lunar Phases at Home Creating lunar phases is a great classroom or home science activity. First, set up a light in the middle of a darkened room. One person holds a white ball and stands a short ways away from the light. He or she turns in a circle, just like the Moon does as it turns on its axis. The ball is illuminated by the light in ways that almost exactly match lunar phases.  Ã‚   Observing the Moon throughout a month is a great school project, as well as something anyone can do on their own or with family and friends. Check it out this month!

Automatic Flight Control Systems Engineering Essay

Automatic Flight Control Systems Engineering Essay We live in a world where technology is, if not being improved, developed by the second. Everyday new improvements, inventions and discoveries are made. One industry that is always on the lead when it comes to new inventions and innovations is the Aviation Industry. Over the years, aircrafts have been facing major improvements on the structure, fuel efficiency, life-span, range of flight. But one of the best improvements that have been done on every aircraft (commercial) that had the biggest impact in the Aviation Industry and most probably the main reason why the industry has been booming up is the improvements done in the Avionics section, specifically the Automatic Flight Controls. In the beginning, Pilots were trained to fly the aircrafts alone. But after several years, it is now the pilots programming the computer, telling it where to fly, at what altitude, etc. This computer is the AFCS (Automatic Flight Control System). In today’s modern world of flying, it is the AFCS who is technically flying the aircraft, from cruising to landing, and for some until parking. The AFCS has a lot of advantages when compared to human pilots when it comes to flying. Here are some of them: The AFCS has the ability to overcome deficiencies when it comes to stability and control. The AFCS improved the handling qualities. Such as, when the airspeed or the altitude of the aircraft needs to be constant. The AFCS is more accurate and hence is able to carry out several tasks that the pilot is not able to do. * Source: Emirates Aviation College’s Automatic Flight Control Systems Book (Chapter 3.1.3) To get a better understanding of the AFCS, the different parts of it will be discussed, such as the Autopilot System, Flight Director System, Auto Throttle System and etc. The information about the AFCS will be based on one of Boeing’s classic aircrafts, the 737-500. FLIGHT MANAGEMENT SYSTEM (FMS) The Flight Management System is navigation, combined flight control, a Built-In Test Equipment (BITE) and a guidance system. The FMS provides control and operation of five independent subsystems to provide lateral navigation (LNAV) and vertical navigation (VNAV) for performance management and optimum flight profiles. The Flight Management System is not labeled to any control panel or any single component as it is an integration of five independent subsystems. These subsystems are: Digital Flight Control System (DFCS) Inertial Reference System (IRS) Autothrottle Electronic Flight Instrument System (EFIS) Flight Management Computer System (FMCS) * Source: United Airlines’ Boeing 737-322/522 (page 6, Chapter 22-2, Oct ’99) from Emirates Aviation College Library This system was designed to increase fuel efficiency, safety and decrease workload. For both pilots, this means that they can select full FMS operation or Autopilot Flight Director System (AFDS) for a complete automatic flight. They can even use the Control Display Units (CDU) to pr ovide, for manual flight, reference information. Management and operation is totally under the control of the flight crew. There are only certain operations that can only be implemented by the flight crew. They are: landing rollout steering, thrust reversal, speed brake operation, altitude selection, landing gear and flap operation, instrument landing system (ILS) tuning, thrust initiation, brake release, airplane rotation and steering during takeoff roll.

Mock Interview of a Prospective Staff Member by Employer Essay

Mock Interview of a Prospective Staff Member by Employer - Essay Example The four main elements of interview practice applicable to all disciplines including nursing, include the acquiring of â€Å"background information of the candidate, interview analysis, protocol creation and revision, and self-reflective interviewing†, states Dilley (2000, p.131). The Appropriate Lines of Questioning to be Employed in Mock Interviews Fulton, Lyon, and Goudreau (2010) state that the best technique should be selected for a given situation, and practice is key to achieving higher levels of efficiency and performance outcomes. Thus, interview process strategies include the 80/20 Rule, Sequence Themes, Behavior-based Interviewing, Closed-ended, Open-ended, and Multilayered questions (Fulton et al., 2010). The 80/20 Rule is based on the concept of 20% of an interview to be devoted to asking questions, and 80% in listening to the interviewee’s answers, to find out to what extent the candidate was suitable for the position. Commenting on every answer is unnecessary, while â€Å"the interviewer controls the pace and emphasis areas of the interview† (Fulton et al., 2010, p.307).... The Themes that will be explored by the interviewer should be considered and practised during the mock interview. The preferable sequence for the themes has to be determined before the questions for each theme are decided on. For example, an interviewer may wish to question the candidate on goal orientation before finding out about their analytic ability. It may be ideal for an interviewee to sequence items about nursing staff project readiness, before answering questions on multidisciplinary commitment. In the technique of Behavior-based Interviewing, the interviewer’s approach bases the interview questions on behaviors rather than on beliefs. However, because â€Å"past behavior is often the best predictor of future actions, emphasis on behavior-oriented questions is important† (Fulton et al., 2010, p.307). Other appropriate lines of questioning by the interviewer include the use of closed-ended questions which Yale (2006) suggests should be used only to pose question s about a commitment, or to seek clarification about any factual matters. The open-ended questions compel the interviewee to give more details on their approach or their experience regarding a particular situation. The multilayered approach may not be successful, because it is possible that because of the various issues within the same question, the interviewer may receive an incomplete answer (Fulton et al., 2010). Interview Questions to Avoid in Mock Interviews Mock interviews should not include questions based on the candidates’ race, age, gender, nationality, marital status, religious beliefs, disability, or sexual orientation. These issues are best